/* OFDM modem encoder Copyright 2021 Ahmet Inan */ #include #include #include #include "xorshift.hh" #include "complex.hh" #include "utils.hh" #include "bitman.hh" #include "decibel.hh" #include "fft.hh" #include "wav.hh" #include "pcm.hh" #include "mls.hh" #include "crc.hh" #include "psk.hh" #include "polar_tables.hh" #include "polar_helper.hh" #include "polar_encoder.hh" #include "bose_chaudhuri_hocquenghem_encoder.hh" template struct Encoder { typedef int8_t code_type; static const int oper_mode = 14; static const int mod_bits = 2; static const int code_order = 11; static const int code_len = 1 << code_order; static const int symbol_len = (1280 * rate) / 8000; static const int guard_len = symbol_len / 8; static const int data_bits = 1360; static const int crc_bits = data_bits + 32; static const int cons_cols = 256; static const int cons_rows = 4; static const int mls0_len = 127; static const int mls0_poly = 0b10001001; static const int mls1_len = 255; static const int mls1_poly = 0b100101011; static const int mls2_poly = 0b100101010001; DSP::WritePCM *pcm; DSP::FastFourierTransform bwd; DSP::FastFourierTransform<4*symbol_len, cmplx, -1> fwd4; DSP::FastFourierTransform<4*symbol_len, cmplx, 1> bwd4; CODE::CRC crc0; CODE::CRC crc1; CODE::BoseChaudhuriHocquenghemEncoder<255, 71> bchenc; CODE::PolarSysEnc polarenc; code_type code[code_len], mesg[crc_bits]; cmplx fdom[symbol_len], fdom4[4*symbol_len]; cmplx tdom[symbol_len], tdom4[4*symbol_len]; cmplx temp[symbol_len]; cmplx guard[guard_len]; cmplx papr_min, papr_max; int code_off; int mls0_off; int mls1_off; static int bin(int carrier) { return (carrier + symbol_len) % symbol_len; } static int bin4(int carrier) { return (carrier + 4*symbol_len) % (4*symbol_len); } static int nrz(bool bit) { return 1 - 2 * bit; } void improve_papr() { for (int i = 0; i < 4*symbol_len; ++i) fdom4[i] = 0; for (int i = -symbol_len/2; i < symbol_len/2; ++i) fdom4[bin4(i)] = fdom[bin(i)]; bwd4(tdom4, fdom4); for (int i = 0; i < 4*symbol_len; ++i) tdom4[i] /= std::sqrt(value(4*symbol_len)); for (int i = 0; i < 4*symbol_len; ++i) { value amp = std::max(std::abs(tdom4[i].real()), std::abs(tdom4[i].imag())); if (amp > value(1)) tdom4[i] /= amp; } fwd4(fdom4, tdom4); for (int i = -symbol_len/2; i < symbol_len/2; ++i) if (norm(temp[bin(i)])) temp[bin(i)] = fdom4[bin4(i)] / std::sqrt(value(4*symbol_len)); else temp[bin(i)] = 0; } void symbol(bool papr_reduction = true) { for (int i = 0; i < symbol_len; ++i) temp[i] = fdom[i]; if (papr_reduction) improve_papr(); bwd(tdom, temp); for (int i = 0; i < symbol_len; ++i) tdom[i] /= std::sqrt(value(8*symbol_len)); for (int i = 0; i < guard_len; ++i) { value x = value(i) / value(guard_len - 1); x = value(0.5) * (value(1) - std::cos(DSP::Const::Pi() * x)); guard[i] = DSP::lerp(guard[i], tdom[i+symbol_len-guard_len], x); } cmplx peak, mean; for (int i = 0; i < symbol_len; ++i) { cmplx power(tdom[i].real() * tdom[i].real(), tdom[i].imag() * tdom[i].imag()); peak = cmplx(std::max(peak.real(), power.real()), std::max(peak.imag(), power.imag())); mean += power; } if (mean.real() > 0 && mean.imag() > 0) { cmplx papr(peak.real() / mean.real(), peak.imag() / mean.imag()); papr *= value(symbol_len); papr_min = cmplx(std::min(papr_min.real(), papr.real()), std::min(papr_min.imag(), papr.imag())); papr_max = cmplx(std::max(papr_max.real(), papr.real()), std::max(papr_max.imag(), papr.imag())); } pcm->write(reinterpret_cast(guard), guard_len, 2); pcm->write(reinterpret_cast(tdom), symbol_len, 2); for (int i = 0; i < guard_len; ++i) guard[i] = tdom[i]; } void pilot_block() { CODE::MLS seq2(mls2_poly); value code_fac = std::sqrt(value(symbol_len) / value(cons_cols)); for (int i = 0; i < symbol_len; ++i) fdom[i] = 0; for (int i = code_off; i < code_off + cons_cols; ++i) fdom[bin(i)] = code_fac * nrz(seq2()); symbol(); } void schmidl_cox() { CODE::MLS seq0(mls0_poly); value mls0_fac = std::sqrt(value(2 * symbol_len) / value(mls0_len)); for (int i = 0; i < symbol_len; ++i) fdom[i] = 0; fdom[bin(mls0_off-2)] = mls0_fac; for (int i = 0; i < mls0_len; ++i) fdom[bin(2*i+mls0_off)] = nrz(seq0()); for (int i = 0; i < mls0_len; ++i) fdom[bin(2*i+mls0_off)] *= fdom[bin(2*(i-1)+mls0_off)]; symbol(false); } void meta_data(uint64_t md) { uint8_t data[9] = { 0 }, parity[23] = { 0 }; for (int i = 0; i < 55; ++i) CODE::set_be_bit(data, i, (md>>i)&1); crc0.reset(); uint16_t cs = crc0(md << 9); for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) CODE::set_be_bit(data, i+55, (cs>>i)&1); bchenc(data, parity); CODE::MLS seq4(mls1_poly); value mls1_fac = std::sqrt(value(symbol_len) / value(mls1_len)); for (int i = 0; i < symbol_len; ++i) fdom[i] = 0; fdom[bin(mls1_off-1)] = mls1_fac; for (int i = 0; i < 71; ++i) fdom[bin(i+mls1_off)] = nrz(CODE::get_be_bit(data, i)); for (int i = 71; i < mls1_len; ++i) fdom[bin(i+mls1_off)] = nrz(CODE::get_be_bit(parity, i-71)); for (int i = 0; i < mls1_len; ++i) fdom[bin(i+mls1_off)] *= fdom[bin(i-1+mls1_off)]; for (int i = 0; i < mls1_len; ++i) fdom[bin(i+mls1_off)] *= nrz(seq4()); symbol(); } cmplx mod_map(code_type *b) { return PhaseShiftKeying<4, cmplx, code_type>::map(b); } Encoder(DSP::WritePCM *pcm, const uint8_t *inp, int freq_off, uint64_t call_sign) : pcm(pcm), crc0(0xA8F4), crc1(0x8F6E37A0), bchenc({ 0b100011101, 0b101110111, 0b111110011, 0b101101001, 0b110111101, 0b111100111, 0b100101011, 0b111010111, 0b000010011, 0b101100101, 0b110001011, 0b101100011, 0b100011011, 0b100111111, 0b110001101, 0b100101101, 0b101011111, 0b111111001, 0b111000011, 0b100111001, 0b110101001, 0b000011111, 0b110000111, 0b110110001}) { int offset = (freq_off * symbol_len) / rate; code_off = offset - cons_cols / 2; mls0_off = offset - mls0_len + 1; mls1_off = offset - mls1_len / 2; papr_min = cmplx(1000, 1000), papr_max = cmplx(-1000, -1000); pilot_block(); schmidl_cox(); meta_data((call_sign << 8) | oper_mode); for (int i = 0; i < data_bits; ++i) mesg[i] = nrz(CODE::get_le_bit(inp, i)); crc1.reset(); for (int i = 0; i < data_bits / 8; ++i) crc1(inp[i]); for (int i = 0; i < 32; ++i) mesg[i+data_bits] = nrz((crc1()>>i)&1); polarenc(code, mesg, frozen_2048_1392, code_order); for (int j = 0; j < cons_rows; ++j) { for (int i = 0; i < cons_cols; ++i) fdom[bin(i+code_off)] *= mod_map(code+mod_bits*(cons_cols*j+i)); symbol(); } for (int i = 0; i < symbol_len; ++i) fdom[i] = 0; symbol(); std::cerr << "real PAPR: " << DSP::decibel(papr_min.real()) << " .. " << DSP::decibel(papr_max.real()) << " dB" << std::endl; if (pcm->channels() == 2) std::cerr << "imag PAPR: " << DSP::decibel(papr_min.imag()) << " .. " << DSP::decibel(papr_max.imag()) << " dB" << std::endl; } }; long long int base37_encoder(const char *str) { long long int acc = 0; for (char c = *str++; c; c = *str++) { acc *= 37; if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') acc += c - '0' + 1; else if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') acc += c - 'a' + 11; else if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') acc += c - 'A' + 11; else if (c != ' ') return -1; } return acc; } int main(int argc, char **argv) { if (argc < 6 || argc > 8) { std::cerr << "usage: " << argv[0] << " OUTPUT RATE BITS CHANNELS INPUT [OFFSET] [CALLSIGN]" << std::endl; return 1; } const char *output_name = argv[1]; if (output_name[0] == '-' && output_name[1] == 0) output_name = "/dev/stdout"; int output_rate = std::atoi(argv[2]); int output_bits = std::atoi(argv[3]); int output_chan = std::atoi(argv[4]); const char *input_name = argv[5]; if (input_name[0] == '-' && input_name[1] == 0) input_name = "/dev/stdin"; int freq_off = output_chan == 1 ? 2000 : 0; if (argc >= 7) freq_off = std::atoi(argv[6]); long long int call_sign = base37_encoder("ANONYMOUS"); if (argc >= 8) call_sign = base37_encoder(argv[7]); if (call_sign <= 0 || call_sign >= 129961739795077L) { std::cerr << "Unsupported call sign." << std::endl; return 1; } const int band_width = 1600; if ((output_chan == 1 && freq_off < band_width / 2) || freq_off < band_width / 2 - output_rate / 2 || freq_off > output_rate / 2 - band_width / 2) { std::cerr << "Unsupported frequency offset." << std::endl; return 1; } if (freq_off % 50) { std::cerr << "Frequency offset must be divisible by 50." << std::endl; return 1; } typedef float value; typedef DSP::Complex cmplx; std::ifstream input_file(input_name, std::ios::binary); if (input_file.bad()) { std::cerr << "Couldn't open file \"" << input_name << "\" for reading." << std::endl; return 1; } const int data_len = 1360 / 8; uint8_t *input_data = new uint8_t[data_len]; for (int i = 0; i < data_len; ++i) input_data[i] = input_file.get(); CODE::Xorshift32 scrambler; for (int i = 0; i < data_len; ++i) input_data[i] ^= scrambler(); DSP::WriteWAV output_file(output_name, output_rate, output_bits, output_chan); output_file.silence(output_rate); switch (output_rate) { case 8000: delete new Encoder(&output_file, input_data, freq_off, call_sign); break; case 16000: delete new Encoder(&output_file, input_data, freq_off, call_sign); break; case 44100: delete new Encoder(&output_file, input_data, freq_off, call_sign); break; case 48000: delete new Encoder(&output_file, input_data, freq_off, call_sign); break; default: std::cerr << "Unsupported sample rate." << std::endl; return 1; } output_file.silence(output_rate); delete []input_data; return 0; }